Sculpture is 3D art while painting is 2D art, sculpture enhances its appeal through the dual interaction of touch and vision – viewers can feel the texture of the material by touching and even walk around the work to experience the changes from different angles, while painting mainly relies on a single visual channel, viewers cannot feel it directly.
Sculptures are much more permanent, because it’s not affected by humidity, fire, heat, and cold, which is better than painting. Because of sculptures’ permanence and sense of ceremony, they are more likely to carry cultural memories. For instance, before the Renaissance, European art was dominated by church sculptures, whose three-dimensional forms conveyed religious narratives more directly than paintings.
Sculpture is more popular than paintings, it can be made from anything from stone to metal. By directly applying the physical properties of substances such as stone and metal, the materials themselves constitute a part of the language. For instance, when ancient Chinese Buddha statues are carved with the pleats of clothing through stone, the depth and lightness of the lines’ transitions not only imitate the Outlines of paintings but also enhance the three-dimensional effect by relying on the material’s characteristics. Although painting can simulate the texture through the texture of pigments, it cannot break through the limitations of the planar carrier.